Electric switch.



e. GOLDMAN a. Gf'. F.' s-uRGEoN.

ELECTRIC SWITCH. APPLICATION mso' APR. s. |914.

Patented June 27, 1916.

3 SHEETS-SHEET l. I

mnmu..

G. GLDMAN & G. F. STURGEON. I

ELECTRIC swncH.

APPLICATION FILED APR. 8. l9l4.

:Patented June 27, 1916.

` 3 SHE-ETS SHEET 2.

G. GOLDMAN & GF. STUBGEON.

ELECTRIC. SWITCH. APPLlcATloN men AFR. a. um.

1,188,438. Patented June 27, 1916.

3 SHEETS-SHEET 3.

" UniTED sTATEs PATENT OFFICE.

GEORGE GOLDMAN AND GUY F. STUBGEON,

0F CHICAGO. ILLINOIS, ASSIGNOBB TO CENTRAL ELECTRIC COMPANY, 0F CHICAGO, ILLINOIS, A CORPORATION OF ILLINOIS.

Specication of Letters Patent.

ELECTRIC SITITCH.`

Patented June 27, 191e.

Application mea April s, i914. serial 110.830,379.

in series across the power circuit and if any one of these lights the remaining lights is broken and all lights in the series are rendered inoperative. This, of course, is very objectionable and becomes especially so in systems r a single lighting unit is einployed-that is,

where a car is illuminated by means of but one group of lights connected across the power circuit in series. i

The object ofour invention is to provide a switch which can-be operated either manuwhose circuit lights, or even three lights,

' our switch a Fig.

ally or automatically to shunt out any light becomes broken, and by so doing prevent the other lights of the series from being rendered inoperative.

By our invention also we contemplate the provision of a switch by which any two can be shunted. Thus supposing we' have a series of ive lights and two of these-the first and third-burned out; by properly operating shunt circuit could be closed around these iirst and third lights so that the -remaining three lights would remain in operative condition.

Our invention will be more readily understood by having reference'to the ac companying drawings, in which we haveillustrated one specific embodiment of our ins vention. i i Figure 1 represents a plan view, partly in section, of a switch embodying the features of our invention. Fig. 2 is a front view partly in section of the switch. Fig. 3 is a sectional view taken on the line 3-3 of 2, looking in the direction of the arrows. Fig. 4 is a circuit dia am showing the manner in which the switch is electrically connected with the lighting circuit.

Cook county, Illinois, have in-v burn out the circuit for where but A engaged with Fig. 5 a circuit diagram showing the manner 1n which the switch can be adapted for two series of lights. Fig. 6 is a diagrammatic view showing' the manner in which the switch may be operated automatically.

Referring to Figs. 1, 2 and 3, we have 'there showna rectangular box-like casing 11 provided with a cover 12, which cover is .provided with an elongated slot 13. Within this box is located a block 14 which carries a series of contacts 15 arrangedl along one side of said block. Also mounted on this block are two series of contact strips 16 and 17.- A' rider 18 is provided havingA depending arms 19 which engage in grooves in the side of theblock, which rider carries a pair of contacts 20-21, which are adapted to engage with the contacts 15 on the contact plug, which contacts 20-21 are connected by a resistance 22. This rider also carries a contact 23 adapted to engage with the metallic strips 16 on the contact plug, and a Contact 24 adapted to be the metallic strips 17. These two contacts 23-24 are likewise spanned by a resistance 25. The rider is provided with an upwardly extending stem 26 which projects through tlie slot 13 in the cover, which stem is provided with a knob 27 by which means this rider can be moved back and forthl over the contacts carried by the block 14.

Referring now to Fig. 4, we have there shown the manner in which these lvarious contacts are electrically connected to the conductors 28 of. the lighting circuit, in which circuit are included a plurality of lamps L, L2, L3, L4, L5. Itwill be seen that the first contact 15 is connected to the lighting circuit on yone side othese lights, and the second contact is connected between the lights L', L2, and the third contact between the lights L2, La, etc., until the sixth contact is reached, which is connected to the conductor 28 beyond the light L". Considering `these six contacts and the'rider carrying the two contacts 20--21, itwill be seen that by moving this rider so that these two contacts engage with various pairs of the contacts 15, that any one of the lights L to L `can be shunted by the resistance 22. .Thus consider that the light Lburned out, it will merely be necessary to move this rider so that the contacts 26--21 engage the contacts 110 this contingency,

resistance of the 15 connected on opposite sides of this light L, and then the circuit will be completed through the other remaining four lights, this clrcuit passing through the shunt resistance 22. This resistanceis preferably substantially equal to the resistance of one of the lights, so that when such resistance is substituted for one of the lights, the total seriesA across the lighting circuit remains unchanged and thus the amount of current passing through 'the remaining lights remain unchanged. If it is desired to only shunt out any one of these lights, then only these six contacts would be necessary in the switch. However, in order to provide means whereby any combination of two of the lights. can be shunted out, we have added further contacts 15, together with the strips 16, the rst of which is connected to a point between the lights and L2, while the second of which is connected to a point between the lights L3 and- L4. The strips 17 are likewise wired up in the manner indicated, as are the additional contacts 15. With this construction, it will be seen that by properly moving the rider, any combination of two of the lights can be shunted out so that the resistances 22-25 are shunted across each of these two lights. If desired, this development can be continued so as to provide for the 'shunting of any combination of three or more of the lights, but it would hardly ever be necessary in practice to provide for more than two lights burning out at a time, and in fact often times it would not be necessary to providefor even as it would be very seldom that more than one light would burn out fore opportunity would be found for replacing this light with a new one.

In Fig. 5, we have shown a circuit arrangement by which my invention is adapted to be used so as to shunt out a light in either one of two series. VThe` construction of the switch vcan be substantially the same except that the two contacts 20a-21, carried by the rider, series of contacts 15Il which contacts are con"- nected in the manner indicated, so that by properlyy positioning the rider, any one of the lights in either of these two series can be shunted by the resistance 22a.

In Fig. 6, we have shown means whereby the rider 18a, carrying the contacts 20--21",`

can be operated automatically when. any light burns out. In order to accomplish this, we provide a pivoted lever 29 to the long arm of which the rider 18a is attached, the shorter arm being connected to the upper end of the plunger 30 ofa solenoid which comprises two windings, one winding 31 of .which is bridged directly across the lighting circuit 28, while the other Winding 32 is connected in series with this lighting circuit. These two windings are connected diiferentravel over separate an electrical circuit, a

windings of the soleeach other and the cuit through, the other winding 32 is then completed through lthe resistance 22, and the solenoid is again rendered inoperative and the rider remains in this position. When the burned out lamp is replaced, it is merely necessary to manually move the rider back to its normal position.

It will thus be seen that we have devised a very simple and efficient switch for shunting out any one of the lights of a series, but while we have shown one specific embodiment of our inventiomit will, of course,'be understood that various changes and modifcations can be .made `without departing from the spirit of our invention and that we do not wish to be limited to the particular construction of switch which we have shown, this construction being shown merely for the purpose of illustrating one manner in which our invention may be carried out.

- What We claim as our invention is:

1. In an apparatus of the class described, an electrical circuit, a plurality of lights n said circuit, a switch, a resistance, and means for operating said switch to cause Said resistance to shunt any one of said lights.

2. In an apparatus of the class described, an electrical circuit including a plurality of lights, a switch including a pair of movable contacts connected by a resistance, said mentioned palrs of contacts, a resistance connected between sald contacts carried by said rider, whereby said rider may be moved so as to cause said resistance to be connected in shunt of any one of said lights.

4. In an apparatus of the class described, an electrical circuit, a plurality of lights connected in series in said circuit, a resistance, and means for automatically connecting said resistance in'shunt of any one of said lights.

5. In an apparatus of the class described, plurality of lights connected in series in said circuit, a resista plurality of lights connected in series in said circuit, a series of contacts associated l with said lights,

a resistance, and means 1ncluding a solenoid magnet for moving said resistance over sald contacts to shunt out-any one of said lights.

a plurality of lights connected in series 1n saidv circuit, a series of contacts associated with 'said lights, a resistance, means including a solenoid magnet for moving Said resistance over' said contacts to .shunt out any one vof said lights, and means controlled by the breaking of the circuit in any one of said lights for causing the operation of said magnet.

8. In an apparatus of the class described,

. said contacts, means an electrical circuit including a plurality of lights connected in series2 contacts associated with said lights, a resistance adapted to be connected in shunt with any pair of including ai solenoid magnet for moving said resistance over' said contacts, a pair of differential rwindings for said solenoid, one of said windings being bridged across said circuit, the other of said windings bein connected in series with said circuit, where y when the circuit in any one 7. In an apparatus of the class described, l

of said lights-is broken said solenoid will `be operatively energized to move said re- 35 sistance so as to shunt said light. Y

Signed by us at Chicago, Illinois, this second day of April, 1914.

GEORGE GOLDMAN..

GUY F. -STURGEON.

vWitnesses:

S. E. RINGGOID, H. M. REILLY. 

